ly reduced during the lifetime of Chengiz
Khan ; but the Sung dynasty of Southern China was not
subdued until Khubilay's reign. In Europe the Mongols
carried fire and the sword across Russia to Poland and
Hungary from A.D. 1236 to 1241, and so widespread was
the alarm that, according to Matthew Paris, in A.D. 1238,
" the people of Gothland and Friesland did not dare to
come to Yarmouth for the herring fishery."*
The death of Ogotay in A.D. 1241 necessitated a new
Diet, and this, together with the rugged nature of Central
Europe, which was unsuitable for the movements of the
1 Chronka Major a, vol. iii. p, 488,